What is a Donut Type Load Cell? A donut type load cell is a circular, ring-shaped force transducer with a central hole through which a rod, bolt, cable, or shaft can pass. This design enables direct axial force measurement while allowing mechanical components to move or rotate freely through the sensor. These sensors are ideal for environments where space is limited and force must be applied through a central axis. Donut load cells are often used in compression force measurement but may also support tension in specific configurations. Common alternate names include: Through-hole load cell Ring force sensor Center-hole load cell Compression donut load cell How Donut Type Load Cells Work Donut load cells typically use strain gauge technology to detect and quantify applied forces. Here’s a breakdown of their working principle: Force Transmission: A force is applied through the center hole of the load cell, either via a shaft, bolt, or direct press force. Deformation and Strain: The applied load causes microscopic deformations in the metallic structure of the load cell body. Strain Gauge Response: Strain gauges bonded to the sensor detect this deformation. These gauges change electrical resistance based on the strain they experience. Signal Conversion: The resistance change is converted into an electrical signal, typically in millivolts (mV/V), which is calibrated to represent the actual force applied. Output and Data: The electrical signal can be sent to a display, PLC, DAQ system, or amplifier for real-time monitoring and analysis. Key Features of Donut Type Load Cells Central Through-Hole Design: Allows axial force application around bolts or shafts. Compact and Low-Profile: Ideal for tight spaces where traditional load cells cannot fit. High Load Capacity: Available in a wide range from a few pounds to hundreds of kilonewtons. Precision Measurement: High linearity, low hysteresis, and excellent repeatability. Rugged Construction: Usually made from stainless steel or aircraft-grade aluminum. Environmental Protection: Many models come sealed to IP65 or IP67 standards. Common Applications Donut type load cells are used across various sectors due to their versatility and space-saving design. Here are the most common use cases: 1. Bolt Force and Preload Monitoring Donut load cells are placed beneath bolt heads or nuts to measure clamping force. This is critical in high-stress or safety-sensitive applications, such as in aerospace structures or heavy machinery. 2. Press and Stamping Force Measurement Mounted beneath dies or in press machines, donut load cells monitor real-time pressing forces to ensure consistent product quality and prevent overloading. 3. Thrust Measurement in Motors and Actuators In electric motors and actuators, donut load cells help measure axial thrust forces, especially where a shaft must pass through the sensor. 4. Structural Testing Used in civil and mechanical engineering to measure forces in beams, joints, and supports, especially in test rigs with integrated bolts or support shafts. 5. Medical Device and Biomechanical Testing Miniature donut load cells are used in prosthetics, orthopedic testing devices, and rehabilitation equipment to monitor forces applied to the human body. 6. Cable Tension Monitoring In wire and cable applications, donut sensors provide real-time tension force data, especially during cable winding or stretching. Advantages of Donut Type Load Cells ✅ Space Efficiency Their compact, low-profile form factor makes them ideal for applications with limited installation space, such as tight assemblies or integrated mechanical systems. ✅ Central Load Path Unlike traditional load cells, the donut design allows the force to pass directly through the center, ensuring true axial force measurement. ✅ Versatile Mounting Donut load cells can be mounted on flat surfaces, integrated into existing mechanical assemblies, or sandwiched between components with ease. ✅ High Accuracy and Repeatability These sensors offer excellent measurement consistency, with typical accuracies of ±0.1% to ±0.5% of full scale. ✅ Durability Most models feature robust materials and environmental sealing for use in industrial, outdoor, or laboratory settings. Factors to Consider When Choosing a Donut Load Cell When selecting the right donut type load cell, keep the following criteria in mind: 1. Inner Diameter The central hole must fit around your bolt, shaft, or component. Choose a size that provides enough clearance without excessive play. 2. Outer Diameter and Height Ensure the sensor fits within your system’s spatial constraints. Low-profile models are available for tight vertical clearances. 3. Load Capacity Select a sensor that can handle your maximum expected load plus a margin (typically 20-30%). Overloading can damage the sensor permanently. 4. Mounting Requirements Some donut load cells come with mounting holes or flanges, while others require custom integration. Consider how you’ll secure the sensor. 5. Signal Output Most donut load cells provide mV/V output, but some include built-in amplifiers for 0-10V, 4-20mA, or USB output. 6. Environmental Conditions For outdoor or washdown applications, choose load cells with IP67 or higher ratings. Also consider temperature ranges and material corrosion resistance. 7. Calibration Needs Ensure the sensor is factory-calibrated and optionally certified to NIST standards. Periodic recalibration is essential for accuracy. Donut Load Cell Installation Tips Ensure Flat, Parallel Surfaces: Mount the load cell on flat, clean surfaces to prevent misalignment or uneven loading. Avoid Side Loads: Load must be applied axially through the center. Lateral or off-axis forces can affect measurement accuracy. Cable Strain Relief: Protect the sensor cable from excessive bending, pulling, or vibration. Use Load Buttons or Adapters: For even force distribution, especially in compression setups. Conclusion Donut type load cells offer an innovative and practical solution for axial force measurement in applications where the load passes through the sensor. Their compact design, high accuracy, and versatility make them suitable for a wide range of industries, including automotive, aerospace, medical, and manufacturing. When selected and installed correctly, these through-hole load cells deliver reliable, repeatable measurements that support both performance and safety. Whether you're monitoring bolt tension, measuring press forces, or integrating sensors into medical devices, donut type load cells are a compact powerhouse for precision force sensing. We are also supply in Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal
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